时态
过去时：有具体过去时间/历史上的人或事
- 讲过去的事情动词全部用过去时
- 2023.03（明代……）
- spent
- explored
- corrected
- described
- depicted
- compiled
- 2024.06（自古以来……）
- cherished
- admired
- painted
- renowned
- presented
- diminished
- 2023.03（明代……）
现在完成时：一直 / 时间（从古至今）
- 一直被视为：has been esteemed/viewed/regarded as
- 一直在努力保护：has been committed to protecting
- 在建设期间和建成后都采取了：have been taken during and after the construction
- 不可能有……就不会有：not have been
- 在秦汉时期……，如今，经济得到了迅速发展：the economy has been developing rapidly
- 千百年来，创作了：Over the centuries, ……have been created
- 自古以来，创作了：Since ancient times, ……have been drawing
- 近年来，开放了：In recent years, ……have been open
- 自古以来就深受……喜爱：……have been cherished by
单个词
- 世纪：century
- 朝代：dynasty (复数：dynasties)
- 时期：period
- 东南西北的：eastern western southern northern
- 大量、许多：abundance/many/much
- 有：enjoy/possess/feature
- 遗产：heritage
- 非物质：intangible
- 香气：fragrance
- 刺绣：embroidery
- 发簪：hairpin
短语/句
- 随着……的发展：as the sth improves by leaps and bounds / with the development of sth
- 早在 5500 年前：As early as 5,500 years ago
- 在14 世纪（早中晚）期：in the (early/middle/late) 14th century
- 东晋时期：during the Eastern Jin period
- 2000多年：more than/over 2,000 years
- 早在7000 多年前：as early as
more than7,000 years ago - 在2015年：back in 2015
- 公元前 2 世纪：in the 2nd century B.C
- 自上世纪六七十年代以来：since the 1960s and 1970s
- 被誉为：be hailed as / be called as / be known
as - 以……著名：be known/famous/celebrated
for - 中国传统，古老中国，先翻“传统的”“古老古代的” eg: traditional /ancient Chinese
- 发源地：birthplace/origin of the place
- 发源于：originate in
- 大量的、许多的：abundant/ample/a host of/a variety of/a mass of/a good deal of
- 昆曲：Kun Opera
- 血糖：blood sugar
- 全年：all the year round
扩展词/词组（1）
一. 中国文化类
1. 历史与文明
- 四大发明：the four great inventions
- 印刷术：printing
- *活字印刷术：movable-type printing
- 造纸术：paper-making
- 指南针：compass
- 火药：gunpowder
- 丝绸之路：the Silk Road
- 瓷器/*陶器：china/pottery
- 硬币/纸币：coins/paper bills
- 对外贸易：foreign trade
- 海外贸易：overseas trade
- *海上贸易：maritime commerce
- 非物质文化遗产：Intangible Cultural Heritage
- 故宫博物院：Palace Museum
2. 社会与哲学
- 哲学家：philosopher
- 中国文学：Chinese literature
- 巨著：great works
- 神话/传说：myth/legend
- 阳历：solar calendar
- 阴历：lunar calendar
- 工艺：craft
- 手工艺品：handicraft
- 和谐：Harmony
- 天人合一：Unity of Heaven and Man
- 特征：feature/characteristic
- 祖先：ancestor
3. 历史人物与事件
- 唐朝：Tang Dynasty
- 统治者：ruler
- 在…统治下：during the reign of …
- 权力/权威：power/authority
- 戏剧：drama
- 京剧：Peking Opera
- 诗人：poet
- 政客：politician
- 少数民族：ethnic minority
- 社会地位：social status
- 起源于：originate in/from …
- 追溯到：be traced back to …
- 发源地：birthplace
- 古代：ancient times
- 现代：modern times
- 独特元素：a unique element
- 工业革命：industrial revolution
- 代表：represent/stand for
- 象征着：symbolize
- 繁荣：prosperity
- 国宝：national treasure
- *腐败：corruption
- *夺取政权：seize the power
- *下棋饮茶：play chess and drink tea
- *耕耘收割：sow and reap
- *织布缝衣：weave and sew
- *湖上打渔：fish on the lake
二. 科学教育类
1. 教育体系
- 大一：freshman
- 大二：sophomore
- 大三/大四：junior/senior
- 学士/硕士：bachelor/master
- 博士：doctor
- 获得学位：obtain a degree
- 毕业论文：thesis [本硕]/dissertation [博士]
2. 学术相关
- 文凭：diploma
- 证书：certificate
- 学年：academic year
- 学期：term/semester
- 学分：credit
- 全体老师：faculty
- 终身教育：lifelong education
- *素质教育：quality-oriented education
- *应试教育：exam-oriented education
- 理论、实践知识：theoretical knowledge/practical knowledge
- 信息时代：information age
- 逃课：skip class
- 激发兴趣：stimulate one’s interest
- 做兼职：work part-time
- *自我约束：self-discipline
- *课外活动：after-school program
- *研讨会：seminar
- 创业：build one’s own business
- 出国留学：go study abroad
- 就业：get a job
- 重点大学：key university
- 招生：recruit(v.)/recruitment(n.)
- 录取：enroll(v.)/enrollment(n.)
- 申请入学：apply for admission to
- 高考：College Entrance Examination
- 雇主/雇员：employer/employee
- 职业培训：job training
- 奖学金：scholarship
- 专门人才：professional personnel
- 创新：innovation
3. 教育设施与制度
- 幼儿园：kindergarten
- 小学：primary school
- 中学：secondary school
- 系：department
- 主修/辅修：major/minor
- 教学设施：teaching facility
- 食堂：dining hall/canteen
- 宿舍：dormitory
- 选修课：elective/optional course
- 学费：tuition fee
- 教授：professor
- 副教授：associate professor
- 讲师：lecturer
三. 旅游城市类
1. 景观描述
- 风景/风光：scenery/landscape
- 目的地：destination
- 景点：tourist attraction
- 游览：sightseeing (n.)
- 历史古迹：historic site
- 文物：cultural relic
- 位于：be located in
- 以…而闻名：be famous for …
- 作为…而闻名：be famous as…
- 盛名：a great reputation
- 有…年历史：has a history of … years
- 面积/人口：area/population
- 平方公里：square kilometers
- 规模：scale
- 渔村：fishing village
- 水乡：water town
- 偏远地区：remote areas
- 日出/日落：sunrise/sunset
- 湿润的/干燥的：wet/dry
- 宏伟壮丽：magnificent
- 治疗疾病：treat diseases
- 温泉：hot spring
- 瀑布：waterfall
- 园林建筑：garden architecture
- 寺庙/殿堂：temple/hall
- 塔：pagoda/tower
- 楼：mansion
- 亭：pavilion
- 溪/河：stream/river
- 海：sea
- 林/田：forest/field
- *牧：pasture
- 东南角：southeastern corner
- 东南部：southeastern part
- 华北：North China/northern China
- *蜿蜒小路：winding road/trail
- 朝圣/朝圣者：pilgrimage/pilgrim
- *避暑胜地：summer resort
- *闻名遐迩：known far and wide
- *奇花异草：exotic flowers and herbs
- *络绎不绝：an endless stream
- 山水画：landscape painting
- 获得灵感：obtain inspiration
- 缆车：cable cars
- 新趋势：new trend/tendency
- 背包旅行：backpacking
- 背包客：backpacker
- 拓展视野：broaden horizon
- 生活节奏：life tempo/pace
2. 文化体验
- 餐馆/旅馆：restaurant/hotel
- 住宅：dwelling
- 集市：market
- 庭院：courtyard
- 洪水/干旱：flood/drought
- 衣：clothing
- 食：meals
- 住：accommodation
- 行：transportation
- 月饼：moon cake
- 海鲜：seafood
- 年糕：rice cake
- 饺子：dumplings
- 面条：noodle
- 面粉：flour
- 粥：porridge
- 米饭：rice
- 谷物：grain
- 小麦：wheat
- 三明治：sandwich
- 汉堡：hamburger
- 汤：soup
- 菜：dish
- 菜肴、烹饪：cuisine
- 糖/盐：sugar/salt
- 醋/酒/油：vinegar/wine/oil
- 色/香：color/aroma
- 味/形：taste/appearance
- 酸/甜/苦：sour/sweet/bitter
- 辣/咸/淡：spicy/salty/light
- 煮/炸：boil/fry
- 熏/烤：smoke/bake(roast, grill)
- 西瓜/葡萄：watermelon/grape
四. 政治经济类
1. 经济术语
- 一千：one thousand
- 一万：ten thousand
- 百万：one million
- 十亿：one billion
- 收益/成本/利润/花费：benefit/cost/profit/expense
- 优等品：superior goods
- 劣质品：inferior goods
- 风险/投资：risk/investment
- 商品：commodity
- 消费：consumption (n.)
- 折扣：discount
- 发达的：developed
- 发展中的：developing
- 欠发达的：underdeveloped
- *经济危机、衰退：economic crisis/economic recession
- *货币贬值：devaluation
- *通货膨胀：inflation
- *顺差：favorable balance
- *逆差：adverse balance
- *关税：tariff
- *债务减免：debt relief
- *国内补贴：domestic subsidy
- 可持续发展：sustainable development
- 购买力：purchasing power
- 预算：budget
- *风险资本：venture capital
- 出口/进口：export/import
- 生产力：productivity
- 零售/批发：retail/wholesale
- 需求/供给：demand/supply
- 满足需求：meet the need
- 实施/推行：implement/carry out
- 强调：emphasize
- 提倡：advocate
- 号召：call on
- 共同努力：joint effort
- *集体的：collective
- 个人的：individual
- 改善/增强：improve/enhance
- 提高/推动：boost/promote
- 解决：tackle/deal with/address
- 人力资源：human resources
- 就业机会：job opportunity
- 国家安全：national security
- *边界谈判：boundary negotiation
- 核能：nuclear energy
- *外交关系：diplomatic relations
- *维护世界和平：safeguard world peace
- 版权：copyright
- 盗版：piracy
- 基因芯片：genetic chip
- 技术转让：technology transfer
- 航天技术：space technology
- *尖端技术：cutting-edge technology
- *改造：renovate
- *专利：patent
- *工业升级：industrial upgrade
- 生物技术：biotechnology
- 生命科学：life science
- 纳米技术：nano technology
- *网络犯罪：cyber crime
- 网民：netizen
- 教育公平：education equality
- 教育器材：education equipment
- 沿海城市：coastal city
- 占…比例：account for … percent
- *签署合同：sign a contract
- 消除贫困：reduce/get rid of poverty
- 污染预防：pollution prevention
- 污染控制：pollution control
- 治理：curb
- 基本政策：basic policies
- *废水/废气：waste water/waste gas
- *环境恶化：environmental degradation
- 城市的/城市化：urban/urbanization
- 农村的：rural
- *可再生资源：renewable resources
- 濒危野生动物：endangered wildlife
- *机械：machinery
- 机械化：mechanization
2. 社会议题
- 必修课：required course
- 春节：the Spring Festival
- 除夕：Lunar New Year’s Eve
- 中秋节：Mid-autumn Festival
- 清明节：Tomb-sweeping Festival
- 元宵节：Lantern Festival
- 端午节：Dragon Boat Festival
- 年夜饭：family reunion dinner
- 烟花/爆竹：fireworks/firecracker
- 赏灯：view the lanterns
- *拜年：pay a New Year call
附注说明：
- 特殊标记词汇（带*号）表示六级掌握
- 易混淆词组建议对比记忆（如：dissertation/thesis）
- 文化负载词（如：天人合一）首次出现时可加英文解释
- 数字单位统一规范（如：十亿→one billion）
- 专有名词首字母大写（如：Tang Dynasty）
- 已修正原内容中的拼写错误（如”marke”→”market”）
扩展词/词组（2）
基础翻译技巧
- 昆曲 Kun Opera
- 遇到”之一”先翻”之一”one of +ns
- 时态很重要！！！过去时（有具体过去时间/历史上的人或事）现在完成时（已经/时间+来/……了）
- 语态也很重要！！！主动，被动
- 动词形式看主语
- 注意删减原则
- 时间地点词最后翻
- 成分缺失：缺主语—人们/被，缺动词—有
- 中国传统，古老中国，先翻”传统的””古老古代的” eg:traditional /ancient Chinese
- 被称为——be called…/be known as
- 以……著名：be known for/be celebrated for/rise to fame for
- 发源于——originate in/have its roots in
- 一些”不那么明显的”地点词：在……上/中/方面/领域，也要最后翻
- 在 14 世纪（早中晚）期：in the (early/middle/late)14th century
- 朝代：in the Ming and Qing Dynasties
- 东晋时期：During the Eastern Jin Period
- 战国时期：in the Warring State Period
- 东南西北的：eastern western southern northern
- “出现，生活，存在”提到后面翻译——XXX appeared/came into being/emerged/be around
- 大量许多——a host of …/a mass of /a good deal of
- thousands of…
- “有”——have/there be/with
- 拥有/享有：have /boast/enjoy/feature/possess
- for+时间段
- in/on+时间点
- “2000 多年”：more than/over 2,000 years
- 2015 年，可以在前面加个 Back 增强语感——Back in 2015,
- 早在 7000 多年前：as early as more than 7,000 years ago
- 从古时起：since ancient times
- 公元前 2 世纪：in the 2nd centery B.C.
- 自上世纪六七十年代以来：:since the 1960s and 1970s
- 有……的历史：a history of…
- ……的代表：a symbol of…
- 非物质文化遗产—intangible culture heritage
- 红茶 black tea
- 在…基础上：on the basis of…
- 香气：fragrant aroma
- 世界上：across the globe/all over the world
- 全年：all the year round
- 受人喜爱：be favored by
- 研究：study/research
- 表明：show/showcase/suggest/confirm
- 血糖：blood sugar
- 不论:regardless of
文化与社会表达
- 茶具：tea set /tea ware
- 从…来看/在…方面：when it comes to …/in terms of
- 占…比例:account for
- 流行于：be popular in/enjoy great popularity
- 常出现的国家：Chain 中国 Japan 日本 South korea 韩国 korea 朝鲜
- 脱颖而出：stand out
- 丰富人们的生活：enrich people’s/folk’s life
- 描写:depict/describe
- “等”——and the like/and other +ns
- 与…相比：be compared with
- 文化内涵：cultural connotations
- 自然，社会，宗教，地理，民俗，历史：nature society religions geography folk customs history
- 思想，观念，价值观：mentality ideas values
- 幸福，成功，忠诚，繁荣：happiness success loyalty prosperity
- 团圆，和谐，快乐 ：reunion harmony happiness
- 清明节：the Tomb-Sweeping Day
- 重要的：important/paramount/crucial/significant/vital
- 祭祀祖先：sacrifice ancestors
- 因此：so/which is why
- 由于：due to/given/for the reason that
- 分为…：be devived into/be classified into
- 较高水平：higher level
- 利用：use/utilization
- 由…制作而成：be made of/be composed of
- 随着：with/in the wake of/following
- 驱邪：drive away evil spirits
- 了解：learn/understand/know/offer an insight into
- 中国封建社会：Chinese feudal society
- 被称赞：be exalted by
- 历代：all ages
- more often than not
- 据说:It is said that
- 相传：legend has it that
- sound the same 语音相同
- at one time 曾经
- 例如：such as/,say,/for example
- 与…密切相关：be closely related with
- 流传至今：passed down to date
- 世代相传：psaaed down from generation to generation
- 知识产权：the intellectual property right
- 然而，但是：however/that being said/despite the fact that
- 调整策略：adjust strategy
- 根据可靠史料记载：in accordance to reliable historical records
表达习惯与常用短语
- 人们相信：It is believed that
- 辞旧迎新：ring out the old and ring in the new
- 是…之乡：the birthplace of /be home to
- 注重：pay attention to
- 中秋节：the Mid Autumn Festival
- 一边…一边： sb does sth when doing sth
- …的首都：the capital of
- 坐落于：located in /on
- 占…面积：cover an area of
- 现存：in existence
- 国内外：in China and beyond
- 中国特色：chinese-style
- 追溯到：date back to
- 高洁典雅：purity and grace
- 高尚的境界：noble realm
- Apart from doing…，主 also do 不仅而且
- 同时：meanwhile/at the same time
- 农历的:lunar
- 缓解：alleviate/relieve
- 主要组成部分： a major component/part of
- 目的是：in order to /so as to
- 大规模：the large scale
- 紫禁城：the Forbidden city
- 皇家建筑群：royal complex
- 一共：a total of
- 体现：embody/reflect
- 特点：characteristic/trait/feature
- 被誉为…：be exalted as
- 许多人：many people＝many
- 联系在一起：associate with
- 发挥功能：play function
- 大的:major/great/large
- 代表：represent/symbolize/embody
- 修身养性：cultivate one’s minds
- 外在的：external 内在的：internal
- 元宵节：The Lantern Festival
- 增强免疫：enhance immunity
- 便宜的经济的：affordable/cheap/inexpensive
- 异域的.外来的：exotic/foreign
- 认可和接受：recognition and acceptance
- 可替代的：alternative
- 满足，适应：cater to/meet/satisfy/fulfil
- 有助于：be conducive to/ help to/make for/better
- 推动，促进：promote/drive/motivate/boost/accelerate
形容词与表达方式
- 改进提升：improvment/advance/promotion
- 方便的：convenient
- 范围：range /scope
- 情感：emotion
- 元素：element
- 融入：integrate into
- 焕发新的生机：bring new vitality
- 由…组成：consists of
- 手工艺品：handicraft
- 被视为…：be regard as /be seen as
- 优秀的：remarkable/excellent/outstanding
- 著名的：famed/well-known
- 细腻的：exquisite
- 优雅的：elegant/gorgeous
- 繁荣的:prosperous
- 独特的:unique/special
- 赞美：exalted
- 珍贵的：precious
- 魅力：charm
- 传承：inherit
- 吉祥：auspiciousness
- 创新:innovation
- 许多：numerous/
- 娱乐：entertainment/recreation
- 多种多样的：varieties/various/assorted/a wide variety of
- 表示程度大：considerably/substantially
- 有影响力的:influential
- 深远的:profound/far-reaching
- 空前的：unprecedented/like never before
- 充足的:abundant
- 美学的:aesthetic
- 位于：be situated/located at/in
- 重视／强调／讲究： attach great importance to
- 重要文化遗产： major / important cultural heritage
- 发挥了重要作用： play an important role in
- 象征: symbolize ;
- 象征意义: symbolic meaning
- 大多数： most of ; the majority of
- 以……为基础／背景： set in
- 基于： based on
- 发源于／起源于： originate from / in , sth is the birthplace / cradle of , start in
- 来源于： be derived from
- 出处： origin
- 兴起于…，兴盛于 emerge in … and prosper in
历史与地理表达
- 公元前／后…世纪上／下半叶： the first / second half of the …… century B . C / A . D .
- 繁荣／昌盛： flourish / prosper
- 建立（商业关系／朝代等）: establish , build
- 以…命名： be named after ; name after
- 一种方式： a type of
- 种类繁多： a great variety of ; a wide range of
- 以…闻名： be renowned / famous / known for
- 享有盛名： be well known , be highly reputed , be preeminent
- 公认的： universally - acknowledged
- 广泛使用：be widely used
- 享有…的美誉： enjoy a good / high reputation
- 对…极其重要： be of vital importance / significance to ; be vitally important to
- …具有…的特点：… be marked / characterized / featured by …
- 占地面积： cover an area of
- 幅员辽阔： a vast territory
- 省会： provincial capital
- (河湖等的水).…很浅:shallow
- 蓄洪池 flood basin ; a place for flood storage
- 海拔………米：.. meters above sea level ; at the altitude of …
- 淡水湖： freshwater lake
- 咸水湖： saltwater lake
- 繁荣的／蓬勃发展的／辉煌的： thriving , prosperous ,
- flourishing , splendid
- 成千上万的： thousands of
- 吸引来自世界各地的游客:attract / allure / draw tourists from all around the world
- 一年一度的: annual
- 吸引:appeal to ; attract / draw
- 有吸引力的: attractive / appealing
- 迁徙： migration
- 珍稀: valuable and rare
- 九朝古都： the ancient capital of nine dynasties
- 封建统治阶级： the feudal ruling class
- 人与自然协调发展： coordination between humanity and nature
- 促进交流： promote exchanges
- 一代又一代： from generation to generation
- 广泛而持久的影响： wide and lasting impact
- 促进文化传播： promote the spread of culture
- 观赏： view ; appreciate
- 代表人物： representative
- 统治: reign
- 精巧: intricate
- 差异： vary
- 高度简练： highly compact
- 形式固定： structurally fixed
文学艺术表达
- 描写刻画： depict
- 深刻的： profound
- 坚强： strength
- 不畏艰难／砥砺前行： forge ahead with no fear of hardship
- 不朽的： immortal
- 培育： breed
- 皇家园林： imperial gardens
- 绽放： bloom
- 纯洁： purity
- 诗人画家常用的／喜欢的题材： a main / popular / favorite subject for poets and painters
- 比喻: metaphor
- 浪漫化： romanticize
- 戏剧化： dramatize
- 高尚品德： noble character
- 恰当的： proper
- 艳丽： bright
- 雅致： elegant
- 二十四节气:24 solar terms
- 手工业： handicrafts industry
- 创始人： founder
- 手工艺人: craftsman
- 家庭装饰： home decoration
- 从．．获取灵感： draw / gain / take inspiration from …
- 民间艺术： folk art
- 丝绸之路： Silk Road
- 瓷器： porcelain , china
- 儒家思想／儒教： Confucianism
- 文化交流： cultural exchanges 宫灯／花灯： palace / festival lantern 文学名著： literature masterpiece
- 神话： myths
- 传说： story
- 历史事件： historical facts
- 京剧： Peking Opera
- 大家庭： extended family
- 科举考试：imperial examination
- 官员选拔： officials were selected
- 孝道: filial piety
- 家庭伦理: familial ethics
- 四大发明： the Four Great Inventions
- 指南针: compass
- 造纸术: papermaking
- 印刷术: printing
- 火药: gunpowder
- 汉字： Chinese characters
语言与文字
- 中国书法： Chinese calligraphy
- 成语： Chinese idioms
- 字母： letters
- 方块字（汉字）: character
- 统一的书写形式： a common written form
- 方言： dialect
- 北方方言： northern dialects
- 南方方言： southern dialects
- 唐诗： Tang poetry , poetry of the Tang Dynasty
- 筷子： chopsticks
- 将…和…结合：combine…with…
- 主要由…构成： the majority of … is
- 日益严重： get worse ; deteriorate ;
- …（问题）严峻： severe ; serious ; become increasingly severe
- ..．不足，缺少，缺乏： shortage / lack of ; deficiency in / of sth
- 发展迅速／经历了快速发展：.… has / have undergone rapid development / growth
- 可持续发展: sustainable development
- 经历巨大变化: undergo dramaticchanges
- 前所未有的： unprecedented
- 带来、引起： bring about , give rise to , trigger
- 取得辉煌的成就:make amazing achievements
- 全球影响力： global influence
- 越来越多的： a rising number of
- 越来越多样： increasingly diverse ; a growing variety of
- 独特的地位： unique status
- 缩小与…的差距： narrow the gap between … and
- 逐渐演变为： evolve into
- 占…比例： account for
- 共计： a total of
- 首选（的）: perferred
- 突出优势： an outstanding / a distinct advantage
- 是必不可少的／不可或缺的／不可分割的一部分：be an essential / indispensable / inseparable / integral part
- 公布: release ; publish
- 推出: introduce ; roll out ; bring into use
- 鼓励： encourage ; urge ; stimulate
- 定期： regularly ; at regular intervals ; on a regular basis
- 上下班通勤： commute
- 交通管制： traffic control
- 交通拥堵: trafficcongestion
- 准时: punctuality
- 新能源汽车: new energy vehicle
- 逐年： year by year ; year after year
- 移动互联网技术： mobile Internet technology
现代社会与经济
- 商业模式： business model
- 城市／镇化： urbanization
- 人口增长迅速： population ballooned
- 大都市： metropolis
- 网上／手机银行： online / mobile banking
- 有效的： effective
- 社会和谐： social harmony
- 舆论导向： direction of public opinion
- 外出打工人员： migrant worker
- 采取措施： take measures / steps
- 中产阶级： middle class
- 种植： cultivation
- 作物产量： crop yields
- 创新: innovation
- 出台新规： introduce / enactnew policies
- 义务教育： compulsory education 多媒体: multimedia
- 必修课: required / compulsory course
- 选修课: elective / optional course
- 高分低能： high scores and low abilities
- 知识产权： intellectual property rights
- 信息革命： information revolution
- 人工智能： artificial intelligence
- 虚拟现实: virtual reality
- 生物技术: biotechnology
- 消费方式： pattern of consumption
- 和谐并存 harmonious coexistence
- 财富分配： wealth distribution
- 保持…的经济增速： maintain a GDP growth rate of
- 快速增长的： soaring ; fast - growing
- 明显的增长： significant / marked / notable increase / growth
- 急剧上升、蓬勃发展:surge , soar , surge
- 排名第一： rank first in / among
- 断变化和增长的需求： the ever - changing and growing demand
- 在…的支持下： with the support of
- 经济结构调整： adjustment of economic structure
- 消除贫困： eliminate poverty
- 改造： renovate ; reconstruct ; revamp
- 加大对……的投资： increase / ramp up investment in
- 增加…的数量： increase / boost the number of
- 实施（政策）: implement …
- 沿袭…的模式： continue with the model of
- 经济高速发展： rapid development of Chinese economy
- 综合国力增强： rapid development of comprehensive national strength
- 预见： predict ; forecast
国际与经济术语
- 融入： be integrated into
- 国际地位不断提高： international status keeps on increasing
- 高度评价： speak highly of
- 互惠互利： mutual benefit
- 商界： business communities
- 市场占有率／份额： market share
- 库存／存货量: stocks
- 销量: sales
- 利润: profits
- 商品: commodity
- 打折: discount
- 资源配置: allocation of resources
- 自助服务系统： self - service / self - help system
- 综合经济实力： the comprehensive economic strength
- 最大的经济体： the largest economy
- 企业家： the entrepreneurs
- 试验田： experimental plot
- 试点项目： pilot project
- 多元化： diversification
- 支付/付费： pay ; make payments
- 一带一路： The Belt and Road
- 经济发达: economic boom
- 商业繁荣： commercial prosperity
- 社会稳定： social stability
- 总计／达到： amount to , add up to
- 支出： expenditure
- 消费： consumption
- 现金： cash
- 零钱： change
- 发行： issue
- 购买力： purchasing power
- 电脑犯罪:computer crime
- 网上购物: online shopping
- 电子商务: E - commerce
- 网上零售商： E - retailer
- 虚拟经济： fictitious economy
- 第一产业（农业）: primary industry
- 第二产业（工业）: secondary industry
- 第三产业（服务业）: tertiary industry
- 国内生产总值： gross domestic product ( GDP )
- 市场调节： market regulation
- 国有企业： state - owned enterprises ( SOEs )
- 私营企业： private businesses
- 中小企业： small and medium - sized enterprises
旅游与生活方式
- 经济特区： special economic zone
- 高峰期： peak season
- 出境游： outbound tourism
- 满足需求： satisfy / meet the needs / requirements of
- 扩建： extension
- 全民健身:national fitness
- 运动设施: sports facilities
- 运动场地: sporting field / ground ; playing field
- 废旧的： derelict ; deserted ; old
- 健康管理: health management
- 医疗服务： medical service
- 烹饪文化： cuisine culture 饮食习惯： dietary habit
- 营养丰富： nutritious
- 生活方式: lifestyle
- 公众： the general public
- 急剧下降： decline sharply , on the sharp decline
- 人口老龄化 aging of the population
- 预期寿命 life expectancy
- 环境污染： environmental pollution
- 绿化水面： green water surfaces
- 美化公园： beautify gardens
- 净化水质： purify water
- 过度工业化： over - industrialization
- 过度拥挤: overcrowding
- 应运而生 emerge as needed / required
- 取决于 depend on ; be decided by
- 网上冲浪： surf on the Internet
- 在网上： online ; over / on / via the Internet
- 对．…上瘾： to be / get addicted to
- 适宜: be suit able for
- 播放: broadcast
- 网页浏览: web browsing
- 网络世界： cyber world
- 虚拟世界： virtual world
- 电子设备: electronic device
- 科技发展： scientific and technological development
- 充电: update one ‘ s knowledge
- 缓解就业压力： alleviate employmentpressure
- 城市化 urbanization
- 回收利用 recycle
- 资源枯竭 depletion of resources
- 节能减排： energy - saving and emission - reduction
社会发展与国际合作
- 极端贫困 extreme poverty
- 中产阶级 middle class
- 贫困国家 poor countries
- 减少贫困 poverty reduction
- 提供救援 provide assistance
- 发展道路 developing path
- 经济特区 Special Economic Zone
- 城市人口 urban population
- 农村人口 rural population
- 以人为本 people - oriented
- 发展理念 developing concept
- 交通系统 transportation system
- 文化交流 cultural communication
- 外国投资 foreign investment
- 购物平台 shopping platform
- 蓬勃发展 have a great boom
- 在线零售商 online retailer
- 经济的繁荣 prosperity of economy
- 可持续发展 sustainable development
- 在．..．取得进步 make progress ( in )..
- 腐败：corruption
- 证明 prove
- 谋生 make a living
- 城市化 urbanization
- 商业化 commercialization
- 试验田 experimental plot
- 相当于 be equivalent to
- 企业家 entrepreneur
- 出口国 exporter
- 国内外 at home and abroad
- 共产党 the Communist Party
- 产业／工业 industry
- 40001Z400 billion yuan
- 25000 美元 US $25000
- 公元 100 年 100 AD
- 中国革命 Chinese Revolution
- 高速列车 high - speed trains
- 高铁 high - speeding rail
- 远洋船舶 ocean - going vessels
- 摆脱贫困 get rid of poverty
- 少林寺 Shaolin Temple
- 故宫博物馆 Palace Museum
- 紫禁城 the Forbidden City
地理与名胜
- 长城 the Great wall
- 华山 Huashan Mountain
- 黄山 Yellow Mountain
- 庐山 Lushan Mountain
- 滇池 Dianchi Lake
- 洱海 Erhai lake
- 黄河 Yellow River
- 长江 Yangtze River
- 珠江 Pearl River
- 太湖 Lake Tai
- 敦煌莫高窟 Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes
- 天池 Heaven ‘ s Pool
- 布达拉宫 Potala Palace
- 日月潭 Lake Sun Moon
- 鄱阳湖 Lake Poyang
- 洞庭湖 Lake Dongting
- 长城 the Great wall of china
- 烽火台 beacon tower
历史朝代与节日
- 夏 the Xia dynasty
- 商 the Shang dynasty
- 周 the Zhou dynasty
- 春秋 the SpringandAutumn period
- 战国 theWarring States period
- 秦 the Qin dynasty
- 汉 the Han dynasty
- 三国 the Three Kingdoms period
- 东西晋 the Eastern Jin dynasty ; the Western Jin dynasty
- 南北朝 the Northern and Southern dynasties
- 隋 the Sui dynasty
- 唐 the Tang dynasty
- 五代十国 the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
- 宋 the Song dynasty
- 元 the Yuan dynasty
- 明 the Ming dynasty
- 清 the Qing dynasty
- 元旦 New Year’s Day
- 春节 the SpringFestival
- 大年三十 Chinese New Year ‘ s Eve
- 元宵节 Lantern Festival
- 端午节 the Dragon - Boat Festival
- 乞巧节（中国情人节） Double - Seventh Day
- 中秋节 the Mid - Autumn Festival
- 重阳节 the Double Ninth Festival
- 腊八节 the laba Rice Porridge Festival
- 贴春联 paste Spring Festival couplets
- 贴”福”字 paste the Chinese character “ Fu “
- 贴窗花 paste window paper - cuts
- 剪纸 paper - cuts
- 除夕 the eve of the lunar New Year
- 守岁 stay up late on the New Year ‘ s Eve
- 放爆竹 let off firecrackers
- 拜年 pay a New Year visit
- 团圆饭 family reunion dinner
饮食与烹饪
- 敬酒 propose a toast
- 炒饭 stir - fried rice
- 饺子 dumplings
- 汤圆 tangyuan
- 馄饨 hundun
- 烧麦 shaomai
- 月饼 mooncake
- 烧饼 sesame seed cake
- 红茶 black tea
- 绿茶 green tea
- 花茶 jasmine tea
- 功夫茶 Gongfu tea
- 陈酒 old wine / aged wine
- 烧酒 arrack
- 煮 poach / boiled
- 蒸 steamed
- 煲、炖；焖 stewed
- 煎 pan - fried
- 炒 stir - fried
- 炸 deep - fried
- 烘 baked
- 熏 smoked
- 粉丝 glass noodles
艺术与文化遗产
- 京剧 Peking opera
- 昆曲 Kun opera
- 画像 portrait
- 山水 landscape
- 泼墨 splash - ink
- 毛笔 writing brush
- 书法 calligraphic art
- 书法家 calligraphic artist
- 楷体 formal script / regular script
- 行书 running script
- 宋体 Song - dynasty script
- 瓷器 porcelain
- 手工艺品 handwork / handicrafts
- 中国民间艺术 Chinese folk art
- 文物 cultural relics / antiques
- 国宝 nationaltreasure
- 木偶戏 puppet show
- 书法 calligra
